Chemotherapy is a medical procedure in which a Medical Oncologist uses special drugs to remove cancer cells from the body. Doctors prescribe these drugs in pre-specified periods. Total treatment time can last from just one day to several weeks. Oncologists choose the combination of drugs by consulting with the latest guidelines, considering patient-specific factors such as age, other illnesses, and patient preferences. Chemotherapy treatment intervals–also called chemotherapy cycles–are tailored according to each patient’s unique situation.
Medical oncology is a rapidly changing field. New treatments are introduced all the time and specialists work hard to keep up to date with new treatments that are developed almost daily. Oncologists must follow the literature closely to offer patients all the available treatment options. As cancer treatment is teamwork, medical oncologists consult with other cancer specialists such as radiation oncologists and surgeons to make sure their patient is getting the best treatment possible.
Preparations
Before beginning chemotherapy, doctors make sure that patients are physically prepared for the treatment process. This process may include performing certain laboratory tests, such as blood works, imaging scans, and other diagnostic procedures. Patients may need to stop taking certain medications and make lifestyle changes as well.
What to expect
During chemotherapy sessions, you will receive medications either orally or intravenously. They may also have frequent blood tests and scans to measure progress.
Duration of the treatment
The type and length of chemotherapy cycle depend on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer being treated. Treatment usually lasts from several weeks to months; however, it could last longer in some cases. Your doctor determines if additional therapies are necessary.
Common side effects
Common side effects of chemotherapy include fatigue, hair loss, weight changes, nausea, vomiting, neuropathy, and infection risk due to low white blood cell count. Other potential risks include nerve damage, organ failure and secondary cancers. Patients should consult with their doctor about any unusual symptoms they experience throughout their course of treatment.
Success rate
The success rate of chemotherapy varies depending on many factors including age, overall health condition, and how advanced the cancer is at diagnosis. However, most experts agree that chemo has improved the lives of millions of people living with cancer in recent years.